The queen was also keen to be seen by her subjects. Local government was inefficient. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Elizabeth’s first priority on becoming Queen was to return England to the Protestant faith. The names and details were duly supplied by the plotters. In later years Katherine Parr, Henry's sixth wife, took a keen interest in the young Elizabeth and made sure that she was educated to the highest standards. Despite all these tactics Elizabeth was capable of falling in love, and the one who came closest to winning her heart was Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Elizabeth remained, however, fascinated by the Scottish Queen. There's even a candid conversation shown between the Queen and then-U.S. President Richard Nixon. Only when the patience of her ministers was running short would she be forced to make up her mind. Agnes Brown, who is played by Brendan, was set to have a storyline involving Queen Elizabeth II but at the last minute, the plot changed. He wanted to impress the Queen and, in the summer of 1575, threw a party at Kenilworth Castle which no one could forget. But by now the Scots had had enough of Mary and, imprisoned at Lochleven Castle, she was forced to abdicate the Scottish throne. The warrant had been taken to Fotheringhay before she was ready. But Elizabeth had other ideas. The new Book of Common Prayer was introduced, adapted from earlier Books used under the Protestant Edward VI. Last updated 2011-02-17. Leicester, to whom she had remained close, died in 1588 and Elizabeth kept his last letter beside her bed until her own death. He had shown the Queen how much he adored her and, just as he had hoped, eclipsed everyone else. To Elizabeth, Mary was a fellow Queen. In 1558 the Protestant preacher John Knox wrote, 'It is more than a monster in nature that a woman should reign and bear empire over man.' The Queen asserted her virginity throughout her life, but was also an attractive woman who thrived on male attention. Despite pressure from her advisers, particularly Lord Burghley, Elizabeth always refused to marry and provide an heir. The welfare of the country was her priority, not marriage. 'This I account the glory of my crown, that I have reigned with your loves,' she said in her Golden Speech of 1601. ...as long as Mary Queen of Scots was alive, Elizabeth's life would be in danger. And Mary Queen of Scots made a series of ill-judged decisions which led her to the executioner's block in 1587. Elizabeth I is considered one of the country's most successful and popular monarchs. In March 1566 Darnley and his accomplices burst in on Mary at Holyroodhouse and stabbed Riccio to death. Princess Elizabeth has formally proclaimed herself Queen and Head of the Commonwealth and Defender of the Faith. Elizabeth sent out the impetuous Earl of Essex who only managed to create further difficulties. Her presence in England could spark a Catholic uprising. Marriage was a political necessity and a way of forming a useful alliance with a European power. Her ministers knew and Elizabeth certainly knew. He was soon bewitched by her, arranging to divorce Catherine of Aragon and quickly making Anne his second wife. He had the ear of the Queen and might poison her mind against them. Elizabeth was clever to encourage this degree of devotion. And was her success down to her own skill and judgement - or an intuitive grasp of public relations? As predicted, Mary quickly became the focus of plots to overthrow Elizabeth and return England to the Catholic faith. She was third in line to the throne. In later years Catherine Parr, Henry's sixth wife, took a keen interest in the young Elizabeth and made sure that she was educated to the highest standards. The question of how to govern Ireland had created terrible problems for the Queen over the years but 1594 saw the start of the Nine Years War in which hundreds of English troops were killed. As the weeks passed, Elizabeth procrastinated.  © Here are some clips from the doc: Prince Philip and Queen Elizabeth II on a private jet. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. She relied upon the ministers close to her but would infuriate them with her indecision - 'It maketh me weary of life,' remarked one. Worse still, Elizabeth had herself been declared illegitimate in a statute which had never been formally repealed, and knew that many Catholics considered Mary to be the rightful Queen of England. She did not wish to meet the woman she considered her rival, but knew that if she released Mary her own life would be in danger. Certainly, her reign had seen England prosper and become a major player in Europe. They had known each other for years, and he was one of the first to be appointed to her Council. Elizabeth R was followed by the BBC-RDF documentary Monarchy: The Royal Family at Work in 2007. Elizabeth was brought up in the care of governesses and tutors at Hatfield House and spent her days studying Greek and Latin with the Cambridge scholar, Roger Ascham. She was a shrewd and intelligent woman who was fluent in six languages. This was Elizabeth's duty and she should get on with it. Mary was said to be a great beauty who exerted a strange power over men and, whenever any minister returned from a visit to the now belligerent Mary, he was quizzed by the Queen on her looks, her clothes, her attractiveness compared to herself. Despite the discovery of conspiracies and plots centred on Mary, Elizabeth showed caution and was reluctant to act against her. The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in King's Lynn, Norfolk, has made improvements but "more work is needed", a report said Improvements have been ⦠She was the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. Henry, beside himself with disappointment, did not attend the christening. This was clever talk from the Queen. In 1568 Elizabeth's cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots - a Catholic with a strong claim to the English throne - sought exile in England. Fotheringhay Looking remarkably like Queen Anne, Britannia wears a helmet, holds a trident, and rests her hand on a For their part, the people were thrilled with their new Queen. Henry, beside himself with disappointment, did not attend the christening. Partly aided by bad weather, the English Navy defeated the Spanish Armada, with the help of Sir Francis Drake. The scene was one part of a 105-minute color documentary ⦠Her death took a heavy toll on Elizabeth, one observer noting, 'I never knew her fetch a sigh, but when the Queen of Scots was beheaded.'. For someone who disliked making decisions, this was torture. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. A new era was dawning, the age of Elizabeth I. With Glenda Jackson, Ronald Hines, Robert Hardy, Stephen Murray. Houses were even converted into the shape of an 'E' to flatter her. But her fate was sealed when she failed to provide Henry with what he desperately wanted - a son. Mary I had died unpopular with her people and tormented by her own inability to produce an heir. Walsingham's spies discovered that she was secretly corresponding with a group of Catholic plotters and, having intercepted her letters, they forged a postscript in her hand asking for the identities of those involved.  © She wept for days. Clever, enigmatic and flirtatious, she rewrote the rules of being Queen. It was not, however, until she married Lord Darnley in July 1565 that things took a turn for the worse. She learnt how to turn the tide of opinion in her favour, and this became one of her most effective weapons.  © 'If I followed the inclination of my nature, it is this,' she said, 'beggar woman and single, far rather than queen and married.'. David Dimbleby remarked on the "lonely" Queen as he presented the Remembrance Sunday service on the BBC. Their anxiety amused Elizabeth, and this gave her an excuse to exert her independence every now and then. In 1553, Elizabeth's older half-sister Mary became queen. She had a formidable intellect, and her sharp tongue would quickly settle any argument - in her favour. BBC, Queen Elizabeth II More from News. She landed on English soil ready to meet her fellow Queen. But just how close was she to Leicester? However, in 1586 Walsingham uncovered the Babington plot which implicated Mary directly in a conspiracy to overthrow Elizabeth. Alexandra Briscoe has a background in documentary programme-making. The country now looked to the young Queen ⦠By pursuing a policy of moderation she was attempting to maintain the status quo and, although Puritans were particularly upset by the continuance of some Catholic traditions, an uneasy compromise was reached and maintained throughout her reign. Day next week with a televised address in the U.K. Similarly Mary would ask after Elizabeth. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. It had all happened too quickly. When Elizabeth Tudor comes to the throne, her (male) advisers know she has to marry. In 1548 the French King, Henry II, proposed that the young Mary would be an ideal wife for his son, Francis, the marriage forming a perfect alliance between the two countries at a time when England was attempting to exert control over Scotland. More than that, Elizabeth simply did not wish to be married. Thus starts a decades-long political/ matrimonial game, during an age of high passions and high achievement. Queen Mary is still on the throne and with her harsh politics, she excessively pursues the persecution of ⦠Mary was tried for treason and executed in 1587. Elizabeth R is a 1992 television documentary film about Queen Elizabeth II.It was produced by the BBC and directed by Edward Mirzoeff.It was the first officially approved documentary about the British monarchy since Royal Family (1969). She is Assistant Producer on Simon Schama's A History of Britain, specialising in the reign of Elizabeth I for the programme entitled The Body of the Queen. Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II delivers her annual address in ⦠She had a close relationship with Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, and was not averse to using the promise of marriage for diplomatic purposes, but asserted her independence until the end of her life. This sense of well-being was embodied by Queen Elizabeth who liked to wear sumptuous costumes and jewellery, and be entertained in style at her court. It was a girl, Elizabeth. Were women fit to rule the country? Elizabeth remained, however, fascinated by the Scottish Queen. This was a big mistake. Faced with a dilemma - for example whether or not to sign the execution warrant of Mary Queen of Scots - Elizabeth would busy herself with other matters for months on end. With Francis Walsingham’s help, Elizabeth imprisoned Mary and kept her under constant surveillance for 19 years. The Scots regarded this with some suspicion and John Knox stirred up anti-Catholic feeling against her. The country now looked to the young Queen for salvation. Britain's Queen Elizabeth II addressed the nation Sunday in a rare televised speech and called for unity amid the coronavirus pandemic. Her most trusted ministers, including Burghley and Walsingham, passed away. Francis Walsingham, one of Elizabeth's most loyal ministers, was acutely aware of this. Doesn't she? Prince Philip, Princess Anne, Prince Edward, Queen Elizabeth, Prince Andrew, and Prince Charles in Windsor in 1968, the year filming began on ⦠Read more. Image: Queen Elizabeth I by George Gower (Getty Images). As soon as her Council had been appointed, Elizabeth made religion her priority. Britain abolished the old Roman monetary system in 1971, and minted new coins based on the decimal system. Elizabeth, meanwhile, was paralysed by indecision. However, details of the legacy she left the country are open to interpretation. The Tudor queen was depicted with the snake clasped in her fingers in an original version of the work, but it was replaced with a bunch of roses. Lords of the Council - numbering 150 - representatives from the Commonwealth, officials from the City of London - including the Lord Mayor - and other dignitaries witnessed the accession of the deceased king's eldest daughter this morning. Â. Number of people sentenced for offences hits five-year-low By Max Stephens 27 Dec 2020, 12:01am. Mary's trial began on 15 October 1586 at Fotheringhay. The reign of Elizabeth I is often thought of as a Golden Age. Leicester was an unknown quantity. As the political landscape in Europe changed, the Queen knew that she would need room to manoeuvre. The 1590s proved a difficult decade for Elizabeth. Brendan was warned by the BBC ⦠Eventually, sent to stay in the unwelcoming Tutbury Castle, the truth dawned on her. Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII. Her young son was crowned James VI on 29 July 1567. She went on 25 regional visits known as ‘progresses’ during her reign, often riding on horseback rather than traveling in a carriage. Stream original BBC programmes FIRST on BBC iPlayer . ...the Scots had had enough of Mary and, imprisoned at Lochleven Castle, she was forced to abdicate... From this point on, events spiralled out of control. Elizabeth helped create a Church of England that, although Protestant, allowed some of the old Catholic traditions to continue. The years passed until in 1566 Parliament refused to grant Elizabeth any further funds until the matter was settled. The people had lived through the unpopular reign of Mary I, known as 'Bloody Mary' for her merciless persecution of Protestants. why so many soldiers survived the trenches. But she was not allowed a lawyer and, attempting to defend herself, was not even permitted to consult her own papers. He wanted to impress the Queen... No matter that the entertainment at Kenilworth practically bankrupted him. In the political arena she encouraged the attentions of Henry, Duke of Anjou, and later his brother Francis, Duke of Alençon, which could form a useful alliance with France against Spain. She was ahead of her time in her grasp of public relations, and her popularity had remained undimmed. She would marry when it was convenient and would thank Parliament to keep out of what was a personal matter. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. As she had feared, Catholic Europe reacted swiftly to the news and the Pope urged Philip of Spain to invade England. Mary was immediately taken to stay at Carlisle Castle by one of Elizabeth's ministers but as days turned into weeks, she became suspicious. The Queen cut a "lonely figure" as she marked the centenary of the tomb of the unknown warrior. Mary had grown close to the ruthless Earl of Bothwell and rumour soon spread that Bothwell and Mary had been responsible for the murder, particularly following their hasty marriage a few weeks later. The main part of Hatfield House, built after the reign of Elizabeth I The Ridolfi Plot of 1571 went further by enlisting Spanish support to depose Elizabeth and place Mary on the throne. She decided to return as Queen to Scotland, agreeing to recognise the Protestant Church as long as she could privately worship as a Catholic. Elizabeth was taught the art of public speaking, unheard of for women at the time. She insisted that she was ‘married’ to her country. Though Charles is a focal point of the series, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip's other three children make appearances, too. Read more. The Queen is to mark the 75th anniversary of Victory in Europe (V.E.) But her reluctance to marry was to become one of her biggest headaches. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. She didn't expect to be Queen. At last Walsingham had proof of her guilt. BBC © 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Ministers often dealt with matters without consulting her, and she became paranoid about the threat of assassination. Lady Jane Grey was Queen for only a matter of days before being toppled and eventually executed. As a high-profile Protestant monarch surrounded by Catholics in Europe, Elizabeth was pressured to marry and produce a Protestant heir, drawing the ire of her Catholic cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots. Found guilty of treason, Mary was sentenced to death. She recognised how important it was to establish a clear religious framework and between 1559 and 1563 introduced the acts which made up the Church Settlement. Elizabeth's reign also saw England significantly expand its trade overseas and in 1580 Sir Francis Drake became the first Englishman to successfully circumnavigate the earth. The mourning which followed her death was unprecedented. But what was Elizabeth really like? He altered the layout of his castle, building luxurious new apartments for the Queen and her huge entourage. She was nicknamed 'Gloriana' and the 'Virgin Queen' and overcame many challenges at home as well as threats from abroad. The arts flourished in England during this period as Shakespeare, Spenser and Marlowe created poetry and drama while composers such as Byrd and Tallis worked in Elizabeth’s court. This returned England to the Protestant faith stating that public worship, religious books such as the Bible and prayers were to be conducted in English rather than Latin. In February 1587 the warrant was finally signed and the execution took place before the Queen could change her mind. Elizabeth, the last Tudor monarch, was born in Greenwich on 7 September 1533. Overnight, old coins became artifacts, such as this Queen Elizabeth II pennyânow more than half a century old. Elizabeth I's spymaster Francis Walsingham. If only she could meet her, she thought, Elizabeth would rally to her cause. Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926) is Queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth realms.. Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth).Her father ascended the throne on the abdication of his brother King Edward VIII in 1936, from which time she was the heir presumptive. As the weeks passed, Elizabeth procrastinated. Problem solved. It took years to prepare for. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. She became Queen of Scotland aged only six days following the death of her father, and spent her early childhood with her mother in Scotland. Elizabeth I was queen of England and Ireland and her 45 year reign was considered a ‘golden period’ of English history. Now pregnant with Darnley's child she turned for support to her secretary, David Riccio. But Mary was not giving up without a fight. But by now Elizabeth was nearly seventy. She was well aware that plots were being hatched against her and that she needed the undivided loyalty of those around her as protection. The welfare of her people was of paramount importance to Elizabeth and she once remarked, 'I am already bound unto a husband which is the Kingdom of England.' According to Deadline, Queen Elizabeth recently took in a âprivate viewingâ of The Kingâs Speech, the historical drama showcasing her late father, King George VI, and his struggles with a speech impediment.She apparently âenjoyedâ it and screenwriter David Seidler was thoroughly âhumbledâ with the news. She knew that, in political terms, she needed their support but she also felt a deep sense of responsibility for their welfare. Elizabeth, aged twenty-five, was now Queen of England. But their intimacy alarmed the other ministers. Elizabeth was an instant hit. But Elizabeth was careful not to erase all traces of Catholic worship and retained, for example, the traditions of candlesticks, crucifixes and clerical robes. Elizabeth was rewarded with loyalty and, enhanced by the glow of nostalgia, her own unique place in history. The Queen herself was not as sharp as she once had been. Elizabeth was a different kind of Queen: quick-witted, clever and able to use feminine wiles to get her own way. The celebrations for the Coronation, two months later, were spectacular. As Elizabeth walked along the carpet laid out for her journey to Westminster Abbey, the crowds rushed forward to cut out pieces as souvenirs. She was a prisoner. In November 1558, after the death of Mary I, Elizabeth succeeded to the throne. But years of work and expense often ended in disappointment when she failed to visit. But when Elizabeth heard the bells pealing to celebrate the death of Mary Queen of Scots, she was horrified. As the UKâs longest reigning monarch, Queen Elizabeth II has seen Britain change dramatically over the years. The crown passed to the Protestant King James VI of Scotland who became King James I of England. Yet she declared that she did not want to "make windows into men's souls" and was satisfied as long as her subjects gave an outward show of conformity. Queen Elizabeth II Prince Andrew BBC Newsnight Royal Family. Ministers longed for the glory and prestige a visit from the Queen would bestow on them, and would decorate new residences in her honour. Elizabeth's greatest achievement lay in the relationship she had forged with her people. Elizabeth made sure that everyone - down to the lowliest beggar - played a part, pausing to listen to congratulations from ordinary people on the street. The dashing Earl of Leicester was something of a showman. She also feared that Mary's relations in Europe would take revenge on England. Always a popular monarch, and a brilliant public speaker, Elizabeth united the country against this common enemy. Mary's execution would be one of the factors contributing to the Spanish Armada the following year. Mary I had died unpopular with her people and tormented by her own inability to produce an heir. Elizabeth the Queen by Alison Weir (Pimlico, 1999), The Virgin Queen by Christopher Hibbert (Viking, 1990), The Word of a Prince by Maria Perry (The Boydell Press, 1990), Elizabeth: Apprenticeship by David Starkey (Chatto and Windus, 2000), Gloriana: The Portraits of Queen Elizabeth I by Roy Strong (Thames and Hudson, 1987), Mary Queen of Scots by Rosalind K Marshall (HMSO, 1991), Tudor England by John Guy, (Oxford University Press, 1988), Elizabethan Essays by Patrick Collinson (Hambledon Press, 1994), Princes, Pastors and People: The Church and Religion in England, 1529 - 1689 by Susan Doran and Christopher Durston (Routledge, 1991), Defeat of the Spanish Armada by Garrett Mattingly (Cape, 1983). Elizabeth, aged twenty-five, was now Queen of England. The following year Philip II of Spain launched a great fleet of ships, known as the Spanish Armada, to try and overthrow Elizabeth and restore Catholicism. Most read in Royal. The country now looked to the young Queen for salvation. It was clear that, as long as Mary Queen of Scots was alive, Elizabeth's life would be in danger. Everyone, from court astrologers to Henry himself, was convinced Anne would give birth to a boy. On the contrary she thrived on the adoration of her ministers and knew that flirtation was often the easiest way to get things done. Elizabeth could be as ruthless and calculating as any King before her. Francis II reigned for only a few months with Mary as his Queen and, when he died in 1560, Mary was left without a role. Mary was determined to re-establish Catholicism in England and viewed the Protestant Elizabeth as a direct threat. Mary went to live at the French court and at the age of fifteen married Francis, heir to the French throne. Kenilworth Castle That was par for the course. The people had enjoyed stable government, and Poor Laws had created a new framework of support for the needy. Queen Elizabeth. Mary was born at Linlithgow Palace in Scotland in 1542, the daughter of James V of Scotland and the French Mary of Guise. A year later Darnley himself was murdered, his residence in Edinburgh blown apart by an explosion. It was Leicester's finest hour. Many Catholic plots centred on putting Mary on the English throne. However, trouble was never far away. There was widespread corruption amongst ministers involving the abuse of monopolies and tax evasion. Princess Beatrice, granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II, has married her fiancé Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi in a small private ceremony in Windsor.. Her mother was the ill-fated Anne Boleyn who had caught the eye of Henry VIII at court. It was a time of extravagance and luxury in which a flourishing popular culture was expressed through writers such as Shakespeare, and explorers like Drake and Raleigh sought to expand England's territory overseas. The storyteller is Queen Elizabeth II, and the subject of her tale is Queen Victoria. The monarch said she was reminded of her first radio broadcast, in 1940, when she and her sister Princess Margaret spoke to child evacuees In ⦠No one told the Queen what to do and, using the skills of rhetoric she had been taught, Elizabeth addressed members of Parliament. When Elizabeth was just two years old her mother was beheaded at the Tower of London. But the ability to address a large number of people, from ministers in Parliament to troops on the battlefield, stood Elizabeth in good stead for the future. Some see Elizabeth’s 45 year reign as a golden age of English history. The main part of Hatfield House, built after the reign of Elizabeth I But there was no announcement, no wedding bells. A mysterious image of a coiled snake has appeared in a 16th century painting of Queen Elizabeth I, the National Portrait Gallery has said. Her health deteriorated and, when death came on 24 March 1603, it was: 'mildly like a lamb, easily like a ripe apple from the tree'. She knew the political implications of remaining unmarried but effectively banned further discussion. The wedding was attended by the Queen, the Princessâs grandfather Prince Philip, her father Prince Andrew, and mother Sarah, Duchess of York, Buckingham Palace confirmed to the BBC.. Elizabeth died at Richmond Palace on 24 March 1603, and was succeeded by the Protestant James VI of Scotland, the son of her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots. Elizabeth became queen at the age of 25, but her reign was far from safe. Whether or not the relationship was ever consummated remains open to speculation. By Alexandra Briscoe In 1568 Elizabeth's cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots - a Catholic with a strong claim to the English throne - sought exile in England. Prince Charles delivers âheartfeltâ speech at The Royal Variety show after family reunion. But Walsingham had reckoned without the Queen's reluctance to sign the execution warrant. The Tower of London Mary was the granddaughter of Henry VIII's elder sister, Margaret, and so had a claim to the English throne. Elizabeth's greatest achievement lay in the relationship she had forged with her people. But life in Tudor England did not always reflect such splendour. In 1568 one such problem presented itself to Elizabeth in the shape of Mary Queen of Scots. Both her brother and sister died without having children so Elizabeth became Queen. Protestantism was now firmly established as the country's religion. On 17 November 1558 it is said that Princess Elizabeth was sitting under an oak tree at Hatfield House when a horseman appeared with the news that would change her life forever. The monarchâs pre-recorded address will be broadcast on the BBC ⦠The Virgin Queen is a 2005 BBC and Power co-production, four-part miniseries based upon the life of Queen Elizabeth I, starring Anne-Marie Duff and Tom Hardy as Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. Many Catholic plots centred on putting Mary on the English throne. The entertainment lasted several days with fine banquets, jousting and spectacular firework displays. He set out to nail Mary and, in 1586, his moment came. Read about our approach to external linking. Elizabeth's ministers had to employ spies and even use torture to gain information about threats to her life. Elizabeth could be as ruthless and calculating as any king before her but at the same time she was vain, sentimental and easily swayed by flattery. Ignoring the pleas of her advisors Mary managed to escape from Lochleven and, disguised as a man, fled the country. She had married Darnley whose lineage could be traced back to Henry VII, creating an even stronger claim. In a famous speech to troops at Tilbury, she said: ‘I know I have the body of a weak, feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king - and of a King of England too.’. 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